Cathy Constable

Professor/Researcher

Room: Munk Lab 329

Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics,
Scripps Institution of Oceanography,
University of California San Diego,
La Jolla, CA 92093-0225, USA.

Telephone: (858) 534-3183

Email: cconstable@ucsd.edu

Website: http://mahi.ucsd.edu/cathy/

Research Summary for 2006: Download PDF (608.656KB)

Research Interests:

• Paleo and rock magnetic databases
• Paleomagnetism and geomagnetism
• Applications of statistical techniques in geophysics
• Electrical conductivity of the mantle
• Inverse problems
• Recent and long term secular variation and reversals of the geomagnetic field

Courses Taught:

• ERTH103 (Introduction to Geophysics)
• ERTH199 (Independent Study)
• SIO199 (Special Studies)
• SIO223 (Geophysical Data Analysis)
• SIO223A (Geophysical Data Analysis I)
• SIO223B (Geophysical Data Analysis II)
• SIO229 (Gravity and Geomagnetism)
• SIO230 (Introduction to Inverse Theory)
• SIO239 (Special Topics in Geophysics)
• SIO299 (Research)

Recent publications: ^†

• Ziegler, L., C.G. Constable, and C.L. Johnson, 2008, Testing the robustness and limitations of 0--1~Ma absolute paleointensity data, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 170,34--45, doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2008.07.027.
• Tauxe, L., N. Kylstra, and C.G. Constable (1991), Bootstrap statistics for paleomagnetic data. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 11,723-11,740.
• Tauxe, L., Constable, C.G., Stokking, L., and Badgley, C. (1990), The use of anisotropy to distinguish characteristic remanence in the Siwalik red beds of Northern Pakistan. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 4391-4404.
• Tauxe, L., C. Constable, W. Miller, C. Johnson, & H. Staudigel, (2003) Paleomagnetism of the Southwestern USA recorded by 0-5Ma igneous rocks, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 4(4), 8802, doi: 10.1029/2002GC000343.
• Staudigel, H., S.R. Hart, A.A. Koppers, C.G. Constable, R. Workman, M.Kurz, E.T. Baker, (2004) Hydrothermal venting at Vailulu'u Seamount: the smoking end of the Samoan Chain, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 5(2) Q02003 DOI 10.1029/2003GC000626.
• Solheid, P. Constable, C., Koppers, A. Jackson, M., Banerjee, S., (2002) Research-oriented Data Base for Rock and Paleomagnetism to Be Developed, EOS Transactions, American Geophysical Union, 83(48), 560.
• Rygaard-Hjalsted, C., C.G. Constable, and R.L.Parker (1997), The influence of correlated crustal signals in modelling the main geomagnetic field. Geophys. J. Int., 130, 717-726.
• Richmond, N.C., C.G. Constable, & S.C.Constable, 2006, Quasi $P_1^0$ electromagnetic response estimates from Ørsted vector data: a study in ring current asymmetry, Proceedings of 1st International SWARM Science Meeting, 3-5 May, 2006, Nantes, France, ESA WPP-261, 83, European Space Agency Publications, Noordwijk.
• Olsen, N., et al.(25 authors, including C. Constable), (2000), Orsted initial field model, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 3607-3610.
• O'Brien, M.S., R.L. Parker, and C.G. Constable (1999), The magnetic power spectrum of the ocean crust on large scales. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 29,189-29,202.
• O'Brien, M.S., Constable, C.G., and R.L. Parker (1997), Frozen-flux modelling for epochs 1915 and 1980. Geophys. J. Int., 128, 434-450.
• McMillan, D.G., C.G. Constable, R.L.Parker, 2004, Assessing the dipolar signal in stacked paleointensity records using a statistical error model and geodynamo simulations, Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 145,37--54, doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2004.02.011.
• McMillan, D.G., C.G. Constable, R.L.Parker, (2002) Limitations on stratigraphic analyses due to incomplete age control and their relevance to sedimentary paleomagnetism, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 201, 509--523, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00747-1.
• McMillan, D.G., C.G. Constable, R.L.Parker & G.A. Glatzmaier, (2001) A statistical appraisal of magnetic fields of geodynamo models, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 2(11), doi:10.1029/2000GC000130.
• McMillan, D.G., C.G. Constable, 2006, Limitations in correlation of regional relative geomagnetic paleointensity, Geophys. Geochem., Geosyst., 7, Q09009, doi:10.1029/2006GC001350.
• Lowe, D.A.J., R.L. Parker, M.E. Purucker, and C.G. Constable, (2001) Estimating the crustal power spectrum from vector Magsat data, j. Geophys. Res., 106, 8589-8598.
• Love, J.J. & C.G. Constable, (2003) Gaussian Statistics for Paleomagnetic Vectors, Geophys. J. Int, 152, 515-565. doi:10.1046/j.1365-246X.2003.01858.x
• Lawrence, K.P., C.G. Constable, and C.L. Johnson, 2006, Paleosecular variation and the average geomagnetic field at $\pm$ 20\deg latitude, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 7, Q07007, DOI 10.1029/2005GC001181.
• Lawrence, K. L., L. Tauxe, H. Staudigel, C. G. Constable, A. Koppers, W. McIntosh, and C. L. Johnson, 2009, Paleomagnetic Field Properties near the Southern Hemisphere Tangent Cylinder, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 10, Q01005, doi:10.1029/2008GC002072.
• Korte, M., F. Donadini, and C.G. Constable, 2009, The geomagnetic field for 0-3 ka, Part II: A new series of time-varying global models, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 10, Q06008, doi:10.1029/2008GC002297.
• Korte, M., Constable, S., & Constable, C., (2003), Separation of external magnetic signal for induction studies, First CHAMP Mission Results for Gravity, Magnetic and Atmospheric Studies, ed. by Ch. Reigber, H. Luehr and P. Schwintzer, Springer-Verlag Heidelberg, 315-320.
• Korte, M., C. Constable, R.L. Parker, (2002) Revised magnetic power spectrum of the oceanic crust, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 2205, doi:10.1029/2001JB001389.
• Korte, M., and C.G. Constable, 2008, Spatial and temporal resolution of millennial scale geomagnetic field models, Advances in Space Research, 41, 57--69, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2007.03.094.
• Korte, M., and C.G. Constable, 2006, Centennial to millennial geomagnetic secular variation, Geophys. J. Int., 167, 43--52,doi: 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.03088.x.
• Korte, M., and C.G. Constable, 2005, The geomagnetic dipole moment over the last 7000 years - new results from a global model, Earth Planet. Sci Lett., 236, 348--358, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2004.12.031.
• Korte, M., and C.G. Constable, 2005, Continuous geomagnetic models for the past 7 millennia II: CALS7K, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 6(2), Q02H16 DOI 10.1029/200 4GC000801.
• Korte, M., and C. G. Constable,2006, On the use of calibrated relative paleointensity records to improve millennial-scale geomagnetic field models, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 7(9), Q09004, doi:10.1029/2006GC001368.
• Korte, M., A. Genevey, C.G. Constable, U. Frank. E. Schnepp, 2005, Continuous geomagnetic models for the past 7 millennia I: A new global data compilation, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 6(2), Q02H15 DOI 10.1029/2004GC000800.
• Korte, M. & C.G. Constable, (2003) Continuous global geomagnetic field models for the past 3000 years, Phys. Earth Planet.Int., 140, 73-89, doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2003.07.013.
• Johnson, C.L., J.R. Wijbrans, C.G. Constable, J. Gee, H. Staudigel, L. Tauxe, V. Forjaz, and M.Salgueiro (1998), $^40$Ar/$^39$Ar ages and paleomagnetism of S\~ ao Miguel Lavas, Azores. Earth Planet. Sci Lett., 160, 637-649, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(98)00117-4.
• Johnson, C.L., C.G. Constable, L. Tauxe, R. Barendregt, L.L. Brown, R. Coe, P. Layer, V. Mejia, N.D. Opdyke, B. Singer, H. Staudigel, and D. Stone, 2008, Recent Investigations of the 0-5~Ma Geomagnetic Field recorded by Lava Flows, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 9, Q04032, doi:10.1029/2007GC001696
• Johnson, C.L., and C.G. Constable, (1995) The time-averaged geomagnetic field as recorded by lava flows over the last 5Ma. Geophys. J. Int., 122, 489-519.
• Johnson, C.L., and C.G. Constable (1996), Palaeosecular variation recorded by lava flows over the last 5Ma. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, A 354, 89-141.
• Johnson, C.L. and C.G. Constable (1998), Persistently anomalous Pacific geomagnetic fields. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 1011-1014.
• Johnson, C.L. and C.G. Constable (1997), The time-averaged geomagnetic field: global and regional biases for 0-5Ma. Geophys. J. Int., 131, 643-666.
• Johnson, C. L., C. G Constable & L. T. Tauxe (2003) Mapping Long-Term Changes in Earth's Magnetic Field, Science (Perspective Article), 300, 2044-2045.
• Jackson, A., C.G. Constable, M.R. Walker, and R.L. Parker, 2007, Models of Earth's main magnetic field incorporating flux and radial vorticity constraints, Geophys. J. Int. 171, 133--144, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03526.x.
• Jackson, A., C. G. Constable and N. Gillet, 2007, Maximum entropy regularization of the geomagnetic inverse problem, Geophys. J. Int., 171, 995–1004, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03530.x.
• Hartl, P., Tauxe, L., Constable, C. (1993), Early Oligocene geomagnetic field behavior from DSDP site 522. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 19,649-19,666.
• Genevey, A., Y. Gallet, C.G. Constable, M. Korte, and G. Hulot, 2008, An upgraded compilation of geomagnetic field intensity data for the past ten millennia, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 9, Q04038, doi:10.1029/2007GC001881.
• Gee, J.S., L. Tauxe, and C. Constable, 2008, AMSSpin -- A LabVIEW program for measuring the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 9, Q08Y02, doi:10.1029/2008GC001976.
• Everett, M.E., S.C. Constable, & C.G. Constable, (2003), Effects of near-surface conductance on global satellite induction responses, Geophys. J. Int., 153, 277-286. doi:10.1046/j.1365-246X.2003.01906.x.
• Donadini, F., M. Korte, and C.G. Constable, 2009, The geomagnetic field for 0-3 ka, Part I: New data sets for global modeling, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 10, Q06007, doi:10.1029/2008GC002295.
• Cronin, M., L. Tauxe, C. Constable, P. Selkin, & T. Pick, (2001) Noise in the Quiet Zone, Earth planet. Sci. Lett., 190, 13-30, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00354-5 .
• Constable, S.C., R.L. Parker and C.G. Constable (1987), Occam's Inversion: a practical inversion method for generating smooth models from EM sounding data. Geophysics, 52, 289-300, (This paper has been reprinted in the S.E.G. volume \it Inversion of Geophysical Data\/\ m, 1988: L.R.Lines, ed.).
• Constable, S.C. & C.G. Constable, (2004) Observing geomagnetic induction in magnetic satellite measurements and associated implications for mantle conductivity, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 5(1), Q01006 DOI 10.1029/2003GC000634.
• Constable, Catherine, 2007, Non-dipole field, Encyclopedia of Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism, D.G. Gubbins and E. Herrero-Bervera, Springer, Dordrecht, 701--704.
• Constable, Catherine, 2007, Geomagnetic temporal spectrum, Encyclopedia of Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism, D.G. Gubbins and E. Herrero-Bervera, Springer, Dordrecht, 353--355.
• Constable, Catherine, 2007, Dipole moment variation, Encyclopedia of Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism, D.G. Gubbins and E. Herrero-Bervera, Springer, Dordrecht, 159--161.
• Constable, C.G., Parker, R.L., and Stark, P.B. (1993), Geomagnetic field models incorporating frozen flux constraints. Geophys. J. Int., 113, 419-433.
• Constable, C.G., L. Tauxe, and R.L. Parker (1998), Analysis of 11~Myr of geomagnetic intensity variation J. Geophys. Res., 103, 17,735--17,748. DOI
• Constable, C.G., C.L Johnson, and S.P. Lund, (2000), Global geomagnetic field models for the past 3000 years: transient or permanent flux lobes? Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A, 358, 991-1008.
• Constable, C.G., and R.L. Parker (1991), Deconvolution of long-core paleomagnetic measurements; spline therapy for the linear problem. Geophys. J. Int., 104, 453-468.
• Constable, C.G., and R.L. Parker (1988), Statistics of the geomagnetic secular variation for the past 5 Ma. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 11569-11582.
• Constable, C.G., and R.L. Parker (1988), Smoothing, splines and smoothing splines: their application in geomagnetism. J. Comp. Physics, 78, 493-508.
• Constable, C.G., and M.W. McElhinny (1985), Holocene geomagnetic secular variation records from north-eastern Australian lake sediments. Geophys. J. Roy. astr. Soc., 81, 103-120.
• Constable, C.G., and M. Korte, 2006, Is Earth's magnetic field reversing?, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 246, 1--16, doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2006.03.038.
• Constable, C.G., and L. Tauxe (1990), The bootstrap for magnetic susceptibility tensors. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 8383-8395.
• Constable, C.G., and L. Tauxe (1987), Palaeointensity in the pelagic realm: marine sediment data compared with archaeomagnetic and lake sediment records. Geophys. J. Roy. astr. Soc., 90, 43-59.
• Constable, C.G., and C.L. Johnson (1999). Anisotropic paleosecular variation models: Implications for geomagnetic observables. Physics Earth Planet. Inter., 115, 35-51, doi:10.1016/S0031-9201(99)00065-5.
• Constable, C.G., 2007, Archeomagnetic and paleomagnetic studies of centennial to millennial-scale geomagnetic field variations, Treatise on Geophysics, Volume 5, Geomagnetism, Volume Ed, M. Kono, Ed in Chief: G. Schubert, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Chapter 9, 337--372.
• Constable, C.G., 2006, Multi-taper response estimation for satellite induction studies, Proceedings of 1st International SWARM Science Meeting, 3-5 May, 2006, Nantes, France, ESA WPP-261,87, European Space Agency Publications, Noordwijk
• Constable, C.G., (2003) Geomagnetic Reversals: Rates, Timescales, Preferred Paths, Statistical Models, and Simulations, Chapter 4,Earth's Core and Lower Mantle, Volume Editors, Christopher A. Jones, Andrew M. Soward and Keke Zhang,Francis And Taylor, 77-99.
• Constable, C.G., & S.C. Constable, 2004, Satellite magnetic field measurements: applications in studying the deep earth, The State of the Planet: Frontiers and Challenges in Geophysics,R.S.J. Sparks and C.J. Hawkesworth, American Geophysical Union. DOI:10.1029/150GM13, 147--160.
• Constable, C.G., & C.L. Johnson, 2005, A Paleomagnetic Power Spectrum, Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 153, 61--73 doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2005.03.015.
• Constable, C.G. (1996), Earth's Magnetic Field. Macmillan Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences.
• Constable, C.G. (1993), About turn for reversals. Nature, News and Views, 361, 305.
• Constable, C.G. (1992), Reply (to Comment on ``The bootstrap for magnetic susceptibility tensors'', By B. Lienert). J. Geophys. Res., 97, 13,997-13,998.
• Constable, C.G. (1992), Link between geomagnetic reversal paths and secular variation of the field over the past 5 Myr. Nature, 358, 230-232.
• Constable, C.G. (1990), A simple statistical model for geomagnetic reversals. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 4587-4596.
• Constable, C.G. (1988), Parameter estimation in non-Gaussian noise. Geophys. J., 94, 131-142.
• Constable, C.G. (1985) , Eastern Australian geomagnetic field intensity over the past 14 000 yr. Geophys. J. Roy. astr. Soc., 81, 121-130.
• Constable, C., and L.Tauxe (1996), Towards absolute calibration of sedimentary paleointensity records. Earth Planet. Sci Lett., 143, 269-274, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(96)00128-8.
• Constable, C. (2000), On rates of occurrence of geomagnetic reversals. Physics Earth Planet. Inter., 118, 181-193, doi:10.1016/S0031-9201(99)00139-9.
• Clement, B.M., and C.G. Constable (1991), Polarity transitions and paleosecular variation of the earth's magnetic field. Rev. Geophys., Supplement, U.S. National Report to IUGG, 1987-1990, 433-442, April 1991
• Backus, G.E., Parker, R.L., and C.G. Constable (1996), Foundations of Geomagnetism, Cambridge University Press.